Internal-combustion engine



' 1,610,060 A. LlND 1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Fild'May 14, 192s 2 Sheets-Shae; 1

Dec. ,7 1926.

Dec. 7,1926;

A LlbHD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 14, 1923 p'shaft and a plurality INTEEKMlL-GOELIBUSTHDN ENGIENE.

Application filed li, 1.923,

. 'lhis invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines.

internal combustion engines of the two stroke type are known, which have a central of wl of cylinders the axes rich are parallel tosaid shaft and the pistons ofwhich are connected to a gymtorically swinging thrust disc journalled on an oblique hub secured to the shaft thecylinder chambers on one side of the pistons forming working chambers and the chambers in the opposite side of the pistons serving as pumping chambers wherein the eXplo .pressed prior to its introduction into the sive mixture is drawn in and precomworking chambers.

The object of this invention is to provide an in ternal combustion engine of the above stated kind which is of a simple and compact and construction and efiicient in operation in which the explosive mixture is v formed and introduced in the different cylinders in a very regular manner.

The invention consists, chiefly in the com- 'ing " bination with an engine of the type set forth of a common charge forming chamber having a carburetting device, "a common stor hamber for the charge formed, and a distributing rotary valve secured to the shaft and adapted in the operation of the. engine successively to control the introduc-' tion of the charge into the pumping chambers of the engine and its supply to the storingchamber from said pumping chamber. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in central longitudinal merit accordance with the present invention.

Qisa ingv 3 is a cross-section of which, Figure 1 is a section of one emboditernal combustion engine in Fig. corresponding section of the distributalve at right angles to the shaft. Fig. the engine taken at OI an 111 rightangles to the shaft along the line A-- D. in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section taken at right angles to the section shown g responding section of the distributing valve.

in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a cor Fig. 6 is a central longitudinal section of the engine taken halfway between the sections shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Fig. 7 is a corresponding central cross-section of the engine. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of another embodiment [valve having a conical distributing slide Fig. 9 represents a section thereof taken along the line 9-9,'Fig. 8. Fig. 1-0 is Serial No. 638,889, and in Sweden may 13, 1922.

another section thereof taken along the line The casing of the engine is preferably divided in two parts along a plane at right angles to the shaft substantially half-way between its ends, one part 1 of the casing containing boring-s forniing'the working chain bers 2 of the cylinders, while the other part 3 contains borings forming corresponding pum ping chambers 4 for the'charge. The

number of cylinders is four in the example shown, ing to the circumstances.

is jo and but may be larger or smaller accord- A driving shaft 5 urnalled centrally in the casing and the cylinders are placed parallel to said shaft uniformly distributed around the same.

A hub 6 is secured to the shaft 5 in an oblique position and carries an obliquely mounted driving disc 7, j ournalled by means ofb all bearings 8, so as to permit the hub secured to the shaft to rotate relatively to the driving disc while the latter performs a gyratorically swinging movement. cvlinder contains a piston 9 connected at a ends ball Each point substantially half-Way between its to the driving disc '7 by means of a and socket joint consisting of a perforated ball 10 placed on a-pin extending from the disc 7 and. a sliding block 11 and ball oper driving disc t-hru disc pose positioned in an axial plane between the cylinders and provided with sliding blocks 13 e the may ngaging axial guiding slots formed in casing of the 81121118. The same effect also be obtained by carrying out two diametrically opposed ball and socket joints (or such dial one such joint only) of the pistons in manner that they can move in the radirection only but not in the peripheral direction relatively to the pistons; To prevent - cylinders the pistons the pistons from rotation within the tensions 14 sliding in' corresponding slots 15 formed in the casing of the engine.

charge forming chamber 16 is provided between two pumping chambers having air inlet passages 17 and a to supply carburetting device liquid fuel (as gasoline, spirit,

mounted in the piston to enablethe radial B5?- are provided with expetroleum or the like) to the air. The carburetting device is shown in the drawing as a supply pipe 18 having an injection channel, it should be noted, however, that any known type of carburettor may be used through which the air passes and is loaded by the fuel. A rotary slide valve 19 secured to the shaft outside the ends of the pumping chambers of the cylinders controls the introduction of the air into the pumping chambers of the cylinders and its transmission into a storing chamber 20 formed in the middle portion of the casing and enclosin": the driving disc, the carburetted and ightly compressed air being stored in said chamber before. entering the working chamber of'the cylinders. To this end the said slide valve is formed with a passage 21 by means of which the pumping chambers of the cylinders may be successively connected to the charge forming chamber 16 durlng the suction stroke by way of an annular passage 22 formed in the end surface of the cylinder casing and an opening 23 formed in the bottom of the pumping chamber. the slide valve having further a passage 24 whereby the pumping chambers may be successively connected to the storing plugs 28 and the charge'is taken in fromthe storing chamber 20 through ports 29 formed in'the cylinder walls and controlled by the pistons, while the combustion gases are expelled through ports 30 likewise controlled by the pistons in the way commonly used in two cycle engines.

The operation of the engine will now be described in connection with one cylinder, the remaining cylinders operating in the same way with the time interval determined by the connection of their pistons to different points of the driv ng disc. lVhen the pistons are moved to the left due to the pressure of explosion driving power is imparted to thcdriving disc 7 which is caused to perform a gyratoric, swinging nlovement translated into a rotation of the hub G and the shaft 5 in well-known manner. In the position of the lower piston 9 shown in Fig. 1 the expansion has been completed within the working chamber of the respective cylinder and the combustion gases have been expelled through port 30, while a fresh charge of carburettcd air has at the same time entered the workingehamber of the 21 connects the pumping chamber 4 to the charge forming chamber 16 during a part of the suction stroke of the piston. To obtain an effective carburation preheated air is preferably used in which case the engine may also be driven by heavy fuels such as spirit or kerosene. Towards the end of the suction stroke the pumping chamber 4 will be directly connected to the atmosphere through the slide valve passage 26 so as to draw in cold fresh air to dilute the carburetted air previously draw in and lower its temperature. When ignition has taken place in the working chamber of the cylinder and the piston has initiated its movement from its extreme left hand position towards the right the combustion gases expand in the working chamber of the cylinder while the charge drawn into the pumping chamber will be forced through port 22 passage 2%, and assage 25 into the storing chamber 20 whereupon the operation described is repeated.

The embodiment according to Figs. 8l0 differs from that above described substantially only by that the distrubuting slide valve 19 secured to the shaft 5 is conical and covered by a disc 31'attached to the cylinder casing, said disc being formed with ports 32 cooperating with the slide valve passage 26 in the direct suction of air into the cylinders. The passages of the slide valve 19 are designed substantially in the same way as those illustrated in Figs. l7

with the differences determined by the conical shape ofthe valve.

It is evident that the details of the engine may be varied in many ways without departing from the principle of the invention.

Vhat I claim is:--

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a piston in each cylinder forming a working chamber and a pumping chamber in the cylinder, a charge forming chamber, a carburetting device connocted with the latter, a storing chamber common to all the working and pumping chambers. and a rotary valve adapted to control the introduction of a charge from the charge forming chamber successively into the pumping chambers and from the latter into the common storing chamber.

2. nu internal combustion engine of the two-cycle type, comprising a shalt, a group ol' C }'llfl(l0l5 arranged axially around said shaft and having avorlaing and pumping chambers, pistons in said cylinders," an oblique hub on said shaft, a driving disc journalled on said hub and engaging said pistons, a central storing chamber for carburetted air enclosing said driving disc, a charge forming chamber, a carburettingdevice, and a rotary valve secured to the shatt and adapted'to control the introduction of the char e into the nnnping chambers of the cylinders and its supply to the storing cham- DBL.

An internal combustion engine of the tvvostroke type comprising a stationary case, a revoluble shalt, journalled in said case, a groupoi cylinders in said case arranged axially around the shaft and having working chambers and pumping chan'ibcrs. pistons in said cylinders a \vabhling disc jonrnallcd in an oblique position on said shaft and engaging said pistons, a charge forming chamber common to the cylinders, a storing chann beicommon to the cylinders, and a rotary valve adapted to control the introduction of the charge from the charge forming chamber into the pumping chambers of the cylinders and its supply to the storing chamber .trom said pumping chambers.

4-. An internal combustion engine of the two-stroke type, com n'isjng a stationary case, a revoluble shaft journalled in said use, a group of cylinders in said case, arranged axiall v around the shaft and having working chambers and pumping chambers, pistons in said cylinders, a \vabbling disc jourualled in, an oblique position onsaid shaft and engaging said pistons, a charge forming chamber common to all cylinders, a rotary 'alve adapted to connect said charge forming chamber with the pumping chambers of the cylinders in. succession and with the open air at the end of the suction stroke, and a storing chamber for the charge adapted to be connected in succession with the pumping chan'ibers for receiving the charge delivered from the latter before its entrance into. the Working chambers of the cylinders.

An internal combustion engine oi the tvvo stroke type, comprising a stationary case, a revoluble shaft ournallod in said case, a group of cylinders in said case arranged axially around the shaft and having working chambers and pumping chambers, pistons in said cylinders, a wabbling disc jonrnalled in an oblique position on said shaft and engaging said pistons, a charge forming chamber common to all cylinders, 21 rotary valve adapted to connect said charge forming chamber with the nlmp-iaig chambers of the cylinder in successiom a central.

storing chamber for the charge adapted-to be connected insuccession with the. pumping chambers for receiving the charge delivered :lrom the latter before its entrance into the Working chambers of the cylinders, said storing chamber also enclosing the \vabbling disc.

in testimony,whereof I have signed my name.

ARVID LIND. 

